7. Conclusion

On-site measurement methods represent the future solution to emerging environmental constraints, such as increased monitoring frequencies and the constant presence of pollutants. Research is needed to develop fast, sensitive systems whose performance is comparable to that of reference methods. For routine use, these methods will have to be recommended by control bodies and included in regulatory texts. However, validation and accreditation procedures must be developed to certify the reliability of the information provided by these methods.

It's important to bear in mind that rapid on-site methods are not only quantitative, i.e. responsible for measuring a concentration. They can also be used to monitor spatiotemporal variations in a resource, which is very useful for managing a body of water. They can also highlight the potential effects of water on aquatic ecosystems....