On-site measurement for a rapid water quality analysis

In the context of the systematic consideration given to environmental problems by changing regulations, and in particular the Water Framework Directive of December 2000, the improvement of aquatic environments is becoming a priority, which implies better knowledge of the quality of natural and waste water. Even if standardized laboratory methods are essential to satisfy regulatory controls, they are ill-suited to continuous, real-time monitoring, enabling better management of pollutant flows. On-site measurement is therefore essential to ensure that measurements are carried out at regular intervals, and to enable rapid, global management of water bodies. However, due to unfavorable regulations and the absence of quality assurance procedures, rapid on-site methods are rarely used. The aim of this report is to provide an objective description of the progress made by on-site measurement methods in setting up monitoring programs, by describing the different types of method, their range of use and the current obstacles to their use.