2. The concept of eco-innovation

2.1 From eco-design to eco-innovation

The concept of eco-innovation is closely linked to that of eco-design, to which it adds or accentuates the innovation dimension. According to the international standard ISO 14062, eco-design is defined as the integration of environmental constraints into product design and development.

• Eco-design involves three main approaches:

  • The life cycle approach :

    It means considering that the producer's responsibility extends far beyond the production of its materials. It's a fundamental approach that takes account of the product throughout its entire cycle, from the extraction of raw materials to the end of its life and recycling....