4. Measuring the effectiveness of the rate of transformation of R&D projects into marketed products

Few measurements are taken systematically, apart from the above-mentioned contribution to the Board of Directors. Paradoxically, two rear-view indicators proposed in the questionnaire are rarely used systematically, even though they were generally deemed relevant by our interviewees. These are the attrition rate of projects at each change of life-cycle phase, or even at each TRL (Technology Readiness Levels are measures of the maturity of technology development), and the actual duration of phases (or of each stage corresponding to a TRL) and their comparison with the target duration deemed normal.