4. Chemical composition

Hydrolats and floral waters are water-soluble volatile compounds extracted from the raw material and diluted in the distillation water. Their mass concentration varies widely, from 0.05% (or even less) to a few % (in very rare cases). This depends on the nature of the raw material and its metabolites.

Although hydrophilic compounds are present in greater proportions, the constituents present in the hydrosol are the same as those found in the corresponding essential oil.

4.1 Extraction and analysis methods

Whether to assess the quality of these extracts or to identify compounds of interest, it is important to analyze floral waters and hydrosols. There are two main stages in this type of analysis:

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Bibliography

(1) - JUDD (W.S.), CAMPBELL (C.S.), KELLOGG (E.A.), STEVENS (P.) - Botanique systématique – Une perspective phylogénétique. - De Boeck Université (2002).
(2) - LUTTGE (U.), KLUGE (M.), BAUER (G.) - Botanique – Traité fondamental. - 3e édition,...

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Standards and norms

Validation et contrôle de routine pour la stérilisation par l'oxyde d'éthylène - EN 550 AFNOR - 1994
Cosmetics – Microbiology – Assessment of the antimicrobial protection of a cosmetic product (classification index: T 75-611) - NF T 75-611 - 07-07
Cosmetics – Microbiology – Detection of Candida albicans (classification index: T 75-607) - NF EN ISO 18416 - 09-09s
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Regulations

Council Directive 76/768/EEC of July 27, 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products (Cosmetics Directive).