4. Quantitative analysis
Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis is becoming increasingly important, and involves determining the concentrations of each of the crystalline phases that make up the material.
The difficulties encountered in quantitative analysis are due to sample preparation and control of matrix effects, i.e. the effect of absorption due to the phases associated with the assayed phase.
4.1 Matrix effects
For a homogeneous sample with no preferential orientations, the intensity Ii of a line in the diagram corresponding to phase i is directly proportional to the volume share V i of the phase and inversely proportional to the sample's linear absorption coefficient µ*.
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