1. Preamble

Chernobyl, Bhopal, AZF, Concorde, Columbia, Fukushima, Brétigny and the Genoa Bridge are examples of industrial and human activities that unfortunately make the headlines almost daily, with their trail of incidents, accidents and catastrophic events. In fact, zero defects, or zero risk, unfortunately does not exist for industrial activities, due to the occurrence of human or material failures. To minimize the consequences of these failures on human health, property and the environment, international standards and specific regulations have been drawn up to define methods. This is how the concepts of safety and security came to be defined. Although the terms "safety" and "security" actually have the same etymological root (Latin securus: safe), their definitions are confusing because, depending on the sector, their content is totally different. This is due to the heritage of the words "safety"...