General overview of algae
Algae and spirulina
Process sheet REF: FPR280 V1
General overview of algae
Algae and spirulina

Author : Jean-Luc BOUTONNIER

Publication date: February 10, 2026 | Lire en français

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1. General overview of algae

Algae represent a vast, varied, and complex family that includes both edible algae and others that are of no interest or even toxic. There is no harmonization at the European level regarding regulations on algae. The edibility of algae in Europe is governed by Regulation (EU) 2015/2283, known as the "Novel Food" Regulation, which repealed Regulation (EC) No. 258/97.

1.1 Description of algae and cyanobacteria

There are three types of algae, categorized according to the definitions set out in the standard (EN 17399:2020).

  • Macroalgae are macroscopic eukaryotic organisms composed of unique differentiated cells and capable of obtaining energy using chromophores. Also known as "algae," they are photosynthetic benthic...

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