3. Actors in the BAT process

The players can be divided into two categories:

• those in charge of BAT development;

• those in charge of monitoring BAT implementation.

The main players involved in the BAT process (application of the IPPC Directive) are as follows:

• the European Commission, and in particular the Directorate-General for the Environment (unit D3 Industry and Implementation). The European Commission carries out audits in the Member States on the transposition of the Directive into national law and its effective application; it relies on the IMPEL network (IMPlementation and Enforcement of Environmental Law, a network of authorities in the Member States responsible for the application and enforcement of environmental law since 1992) for this task....