1. Catalysis, energy and the environment
1.1 Catalysis
The term catalysis refers to a chemical or biochemical process that accelerates a thermodynamically permissible reaction. The catalyst is a substance that facilitates the reaction, but is not consumed by it. A classic distinction is made between homogeneous catalysis, where the catalyst is dissolved in the (liquid) phase also containing the reactants, and heterogeneous catalysis, where a solid catalyst is used. It is this latter type of catalysis, which accounts for more than 90% of industrial catalysis and is relevant to energy applications, that will be discussed in this article. At the molecular level, the action of the catalyst results in the formation of chemical bonds with the reactants, which, thus disturbed, become ready to...
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Catalysis, energy and the environment
Thermocatalytic conversion of small molecules into chemical carriers
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Standard Practice for Evaluation of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives. - ASTM D4054 -
- Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels. - ASTM D1655 -
- Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons. - ASTM D7566-24D - 2024
Regulations
Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of December 11, 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (OJ L 328 of 21/12/2018), consolidated version as of July 16, 2024. Directive known as "RED II".
Directive (EU) 2023/2413 of the European Parliament and of the Council of October 18, 2023 amending Directive (EU) 2018/2001, Regulation (EU) 2018/1999...
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