5. Conclusion

Catalysis, which is mainly heterogeneous, plays and will continue to play a central role in the energy transition and the decarbonization of industrial processes, particularly based on electrification. It offers solutions for using fully renewable sources (sun, wind, etc.) to produce and store hydrogen and electricity, and for selectively converting hydrogen into electricity. ${\mathrm{CO}}_{\mathrm{2}}$ and biomass into energy carriers such as electrofuels. These technologies are essential to meet the dual requirements of energy availability and environmental preservation.

Recent advances in research show that, in addition to revisited traditional processes, innovative catalytic processes such as tandem catalysis,...