4. Pressurization
4.1 Description of the phenomenon
An atmospheric reservoir with a fixed roof containing a flammable liquid can, when caught in an enveloping slick fire, be the site of liquid evaporation, followed by a relatively slow build-up of gas pressure, which can lead to reservoir rupture. This is known as pressurization.
This pressurization is slower than in the case of a tank explosion. The rupture is then accompanied by instantaneous partial vaporization of the stored liquid and ignition, generating a large-scale fireball. This is the phenomenon that occurred in the Édouard-Herriot port accident (1987).
It applies to atmospheric tanks with fixed roofs (with or without internal shielding). Pressurization...
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Pressurization
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