1. Principle and definitions

Originally, in the 1930s, the idea was to use an electric current to increase the material transfer of charged species compared with that obtained by simple dialysis [1] . Today, electrodialysis uses specific membranes, arranged alternately orthogonally to an electric field. The reactor consists of a stack of membranes, often referred to as a "stack", itself composed of a repetition of identical "elementary motifs", mounted in a "filter-press" type arrangement.