2. Energy: stability in the 20th century
From the 1950s until around 2000, energy production and consumption increased considerably, but the main characteristics of the sector changed little:
predominance of oil as the main energy source ;
natural gas development ;
stagnation of coal, which pollutes and is less convenient to use than the other two major fossil fuels;
significant but limited development of nuclear and hydro power.
Fossil fuels account for over 80% of energy consumption – and even 90% if we exclude wood, which is still important in sub-Saharan Africa and some poor countries in Asia and Latin America
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Energy: stability in the 20th century
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