4. Geopolitics of energy in 2018: key players

In 2018, a few countries or regions play a key role in the geopolitics of energy (figure 5 ). The United States is once again a major oil and gas producer. Its reduced oil imports and LNG exports have largely transformed the world stage. Russia has considerable fossil fuel reserves, and plays a key role in supplying Europe and now Asia. Asia, dominated by China and India, has considerable needs and limited resources (except for coal). Asian markets are now the focus of attention. Finally, Europe, or more precisely the European Union, the only region where consumption is stable or even falling, is nevertheless increasingly dependent on oil and gas imports, as...