Interconnection and transmission networks: operation

For economic reasons (size effect...) or technical reasons (location of hydraulic reserves and cold springs...), production units are often geographically highly concentrated. Consumption, on the other hand, is much more dispersed.

Transmission and interconnection networks link major production centers with major consumption zones, and with the networks of neighboring system operators.

The network operator must maintain a balance between available supply and potential demand at all times, and ensure the transit of energy from generating units to consumers, while respecting contractual voltage and frequency ranges and the constructive limits of network components.

Incidents that may affect the operation of the power system must be controlled to limit the inconvenience caused to network users and, above all, to prevent the system from collapsing completely.