3. Effects
In the presence of harmonics, the true RMS value of the signal is greater than the RMS value of the fundamental alone (figure 3 ). Devices (such as circuit breakers) designed for a given fundamental current may then be subject to severe additional stress.
The best-known effect of harmonics is the destruction of capacitors or circuit breakers in the event of resonance. Another frequent phenomenon in low-voltage networks is the heating of neutral conductors under the effect of rank 3 harmonic currents.
Harmonics can also have less visible, but just as real, effects in the form of accelerated equipment fatigue. We therefore distinguish between instantaneous and long-term effects.
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In the introductory article , it is shown that equipment connected to a network must, on the one hand, not "emit too much" disturbance and, on the other hand, must not be "too sensitive" to this same disturbance. While simple to express, this dual concept is more difficult to implement in the field. Indeed, for a particular piece of equipment, reducing its emission of disturbance and/or...
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