BTX: benzene, toluene, xylenes

Overview

ABSTRACT

Benzene, toluene and xylenes (collectively referred to as BTX) are monoaromatic volatile organic compounds, used as first-generation intermediates or as solvents in organic synthesis. Mainly produced from petrochemistry, BTX compounds are flammable, highly toxic and ecotoxic. This article presents their physical and chemical properties, their handling precautions, their economic aspects and their environmental impacts.

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AUTHOR

Maud GAYRAL: Patent Engineer - ICOSA, Paris, France

INTRODUCTION

Benzene, toluene and xylenes are mainly extracted from gasolines produced by hydrocarbon steam cracking or catalytic reforming, after petrochemical processing to isolate the various products.

Among the most widely used first-generation aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene and the three xylene isomers occupy a special place. The most significant tonnages of these non-separated products are consumed in the manufacture of fuels. In their pure state, they are also used as raw materials for numerous petrochemical syntheses.

After a brief review of the processes used to obtain benzene, toluene and xylenes, this article presents their physico-chemical properties, toxicity, handling and storage precautions, main uses, economic aspects and environmental impact.

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