7. Interferometer applications
As mentioned in the introduction, light interference can be used to highlight very small variations in an optical path in relation to another taken as a reference. Visual or photometric observation of fringe deformation enables sensitivities ranging from a tenth of an inter-fringe for visual observation, to a hundredth or a few thousandths of an inter-fringe for more complete analysis. The latter sensitivity is only justified if the reference beam can guarantee stability of the same order.
7.1 Optical surface testing
In the Fizeau interferometer, a plane gauge can be compared to a reference plane, which we'll assume to be perfect. For visual observation, straight bangs are formed, equidistant from the air wedge being photographed. We then check the straightness...
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Interferometer applications
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