Conclusion

Studying, understanding and modeling seismic site effects requires in-depth knowledge of the nature, geometry and mechanical characteristics of surface geological formations.

The quality of reconnaissance work is fundamental to the ability of analysis methods to produce relevant results. This calls for close collaboration between geologists, seismologists and geotechnicians.

Depending on local geological and geotechnical conditions, seismic motion can be either amplified or de-amplified to a significant extent. Observations, simulations and flat-rate approaches enable us to estimate, with varying degrees of precision, the modifications to seismic motion due to local conditions.

For standard structures, the current trend is towards increasingly realistic and detailed consideration of seismic site effects. Tools initially...