2. Model interfaces with control laws

2.1 Modeling sensors

Sensors measure a physical quantity by converting it into an electrical signal. This conversion is carried out with a certain uncertainty (error, measurement noise, hysteresis...) and a certain delay (called the sensor response time). Sensor characteristics are specified by the manufacturer. It should be noted that the choice of sensors will have a major influence on the performance of the control system.

The electrical signal from the sensor is processed by the acquisition system. The latter...