3. How do you apply working by analogy?

The most truthful and provocative answer would be "to everything and nothing". Indeed, to nothing, except to make a very real "mathematical" observation of the product's behavior; but that's all. On the other hand, this may enable you to take far more profound action.

In example 1: a simple graphical representation will tell us the maximum injection speed that can be designed for a filled plastic material. This will determine the minimum injection nozzles to be used, and even whether such an implementation is possible.

In example 2: thanks to the materialization obtained with this type of curve, we'll know the minimum apparent density we can achieve with a given powder, as well as the air flow we need to maintain to keep it fluidized.

Time is also one of the parameters highlighted in this type of equation, which...