3. Technical considerations: standardization efforts

Radio transmission takes place either in environments such as homes or establishments, or on the move. New networks (see below) are moving towards the use of 2G with extended coverage (EC-GSM) and, in general, a developing standard of narrow-band radio (NB-IOT), capable of deploying in channels with a bandwidth of just 180 kHz. When the smartphone is the connection tool, this is usually via Bluetooth.

For its part, the GSM Association is working on a "Low power WAN".

Existing protocols and standards for the Net – IP, Wi-Fi, etc. are generally too heavy and talkative. The IETF has therefore set up a working group to develop a lighter IP V6. This is to be inserted between a low-consumption radio link (IEEE 802.15.4e) and a protocol that brings together the transport and application layers (http, REST), COAP ( Constrained Application Protocol...