7. Gasification processes

Waste gasification is the result of a two-stage thermochemical process: a pyrolysis stage followed by a gasification stage. These two stages may be carried out in the same thermal chamber or in two separate reactors. The pyrolysis stage produces volatile matter in the form of gaseous hydrocarbons (tars) and coke, essentially consisting of fixed carbon. The hydrocarbons and fixed carbon are converted into combustible gas (CO, H ₂ ), in the second stage, known as gasification, by thermochemical reactions, in the presence of a gaseous gasification agent (air, O ₂ , H ₂ O).

Today's waste gasification processes are not primarily aimed at producing synthesis gas, which is considered a raw material for the chemical industry, but rather...