5. Measuring noise parameters
5.1 Measurement bench
Measuring noise parameters involves presenting several impedances at the quadrupole input, so as to have at least as many equations as unknowns. The number of noise parameters is four, whatever the representation chosen.
There are a few rules to follow when choosing impedances:
the points representing the reflection factor of the four impedances on the Smith chart must not lie on a circle centered on the matched load;
the points representing the reflection factor of the four impedances and the matched load on the Smith chart must not be aligned;
the impedance presented must not render the...
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Measuring noise parameters
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