1. Animal communication

1.1 Communication by sound: who and why

We can't understand animal behavior without trying to understand their sensory world. They use their sensory pathways not only to perceive their environment, but also to communicate. The use of sound signals as a means of communication is not a general rule in the animal kingdom. Acoustic communication has only developed in Arthropods* and Vertebrates, and in a complex way in mobile animals, capable of moving rapidly in three dimensions, and/or in cluttered or poorly lit environments. In fact, elaborate vocalizations are emitted by fast-moving animals in the air (insects, birds, bats) or water (fish, amphibians, crocodiles, marine mammals), as well as by nocturnal animals (insects, birds of prey, bats, cetaceans) or those living in obstructed...