Conclusions

Tyre-road contact noise is a complex phenomenon of multiple nature (rigid/deformable contact, vibroacoustics, fluid mechanics, aeroacoustics, etc.). A great deal of progress has been made in modeling some of the mechanisms involved, in particular the vibratory behavior of tires, their acoustic radiation and their excitation by the road surface. For each of these model "building blocks", results have been compared favorably between several models or with specific measurements. However, complete models for predicting rolling noise based on tire and pavement parameters are not yet available. Knowledge of aerodynamic mechanisms (air pumping) and friction-related mechanisms is still underdeveloped, and interfacing between the various model "bricks" is still incomplete. As a result, it is still difficult to directly compare model results with rolling noise measurements. These measurements are...