1. Forest soils: a diverse, non-renewable and fragile resource
1.1 Soil formation factors and diversity
Soil formation depends on five major factors: (i) parent material*, (ii) climate, (iii) topography, (iv) living organisms, including humans, and (v) time. .
The transformation of the parent material, or a mixture of parent materials, into a differentiated, functional soil (i.e. one capable of providing different ecological functions, see introduction) involves a series of elementary phenomena, either simultaneous or successive...
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Forest soils: a diverse, non-renewable and fragile resource
Threats to forest soils
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