Conclusion

From the 1970s onwards, numerous biosensors for pathogen detection based on various recognition principles were developed in research laboratories. Progress in the field of biosensors has enabled these devices to be miniaturized and used outside medical analysis laboratories. The development of portable biosensors with improved performance in terms of sensitivity and reliability has enabled them to be marketed for medical diagnostics. Diagnostic biosensors are particularly promising as biomarkers for pathogens, as their ease of use and the possibility of early, non-invasive detection mean they can be used rapidly. New computational tools now add to the factors that have enabled biosensors to achieve multiparametric analysis.

These devices, known as biochips, combine a network of miniaturized biosensors with statistical data processing to ensure complete sample analysis....