1. Structure
Xanthan gum is a substance secreted by bacteria (see History box). It's a huge molecule. Its molecular mass is estimated at between 1.5 × 10 6 and 5 × 10 6 daltons, or 1.5 to 5 t/mol! Its approximate and average gross formula is as follows:
(C 67 H 102 O 56 ) n n = 830 to 2,800
The primary structure of xanthan gum consists of a main cellulose chain of β-d-glucose monomers linked together by o-glycosidic bonds (1-4). This chain carries a triosidic side branch every 2 glucose. This branch consists of an α-d-mannose linked to the main chain by osidic...
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Structure
Biosynthesis
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Economic data
The world xanthan gum market exceeded 30,000 t in 1998, and is growing at over 5% a year. Xanthan gum is highly developed in the United States and, to a lesser extent, in Europe. Continued growth in the United States, the Americanization of food habits in Europe and innovation in the mass retail sector (detergents, cosmetics, etc.) are the driving forces behind xanthan gum's development.
The food...
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