2. Different types of fuel
Fuels are divided into distinct classes according to the type of engine they power. Their characteristics are not strictly constant from one sample to the next, but remain within a range defined by official specifications. These specifications are designed to ensure satisfactory engine and pollution control system performance, as well as low pollutant emissions.
2.1 Classification and general characteristics
There are three main classes of fuel:
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Different types of fuel
Energy and environmental aspects
Bibliography
- (1) - ALANDER (T.J.A.), LESKINEN (A.P.), RAUNEMAA (T.M.), Rantanen (L.) - Characterization of diesel particles: Effects of fuel reformulation, exhaust aftertreatment, and engine operation on particle carbon composition and volatility. - Environmental Science & Technology 38 (9) : 2707-2714 (2004).
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Websites
Fuel compatibility of vehicles in service http://www.service-public.fr/actualités
European regulations http://ec.europa.eu/environnement/r/transport/fuel.htm
Events
SIA Fuel Congress http://www.sia.fr
THIESEL Congress organized by CMT every 2 years http://www.upv.es/noticias-upv/http://www.cmt.upv.es
Regulations
European Directive 98/70/EC (Fuel Quality Directive) on the quality of petrol and diesel fuels, revised on 1 er April 2009 (Directive 2009/30/EC).
European directive 70/220/EEC, regulation 715 2007 (euro 5) on motor vehicle emissions.
European Directive 2003/30/EC on the use of biofuels or other renewable fuels for transport....
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
IFQC (International Fuel Quality Center) http://www.ifqc.org
IFP Énergies nouvelles http://www.ifpenergiesnouvelles.fr
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers...
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