Overview
ABSTRACT
Under greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, hydrogen has become a relevant energy carrier for decarbonising industry, transport, gas and electricity networks. The European Union, a major contributor to the economic dynamism of this sector, has established a strategy with objectives for 2030 and 2050, anchored in the Green Deal and making extensive use of wind and solar photovoltaic energy. Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEIs) are being launched to support hydrogen used as an energy carrier. At the scale of France, ambitious strategic objectives, involving an investment of 7 billion euros for 2030, are dedicated to hydrogen.
AUTHOR
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Benjamin FRITZ : Research and Development Engineer - Solar Performance, IDF Design and Manufacturing Research Institute Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV), Valencia, Spain
INTRODUCTION
Hydrogen as an energy carrier requires the implementation of a complex system, due to the many ways in which hydrogen is produced, its various uses as is or after conversion into electricity, and the extremely dynamic regulatory, economic and technological context.
Thinking about the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier is only possible if we take a global view of production, transport, storage and consumption of both heat and electricity. How can such an approach be structured?
Hydrogen has three main uses:
industrial use ;
use for mobility ;
network use (injection into the gas network and large- or small-scale electrical storage).
Obviously, these uses have common elements, so we'll start by presenting the means of hydrogen production, the means of transport and storage, and the technical data concerning the electrolyzer and the fuel cell. After examining each application, we'll summarize the regulatory, dimensioning and economic information, taking an overall view. Based on this information, we'll look at anticipated developments, then answer the most frequently asked questions about this energy carrier.
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KEYWORDS
hydrogen storage | renewable energies | electrolyzers | Power-to-Gas
Green Hydrogen distributed by a Network
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