Overview
ABSTRACT
After an overview of binders used in their manufacture, wood-based materials are reviewed: materials derived from sawn wood (glulam, cross-laminated timber), rotary peeled veneers (plywood, laminated veneer lumber), and crushed or ripped wood (particle boards, oriented strand boards, fiberboards, medium density fiberboards). Definition, manufacturing, classification and certification are included in this article. In conclusion, the materials are classified according to their use and some environmental and regulatory aspects.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Marie-Christine TROUY-TRIBOULOT : Engineer, Doctor of Henri-Poincaré University, Nancy 1 – Graduate in fundamental xylology, Paris VI - Senior lecturer at ENSTIB (École nationale supérieure des technologies et industries du bois)
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Daniel MASSON : Master of Chemistry-Physics, Doctor of Science - Professor emeritus at ENSTIB, École nationale supérieure des technologies et industries du bois - Article updated by Marie-Christine TROUY
INTRODUCTION
From time immemorial, people have sought to assemble wooden components to make furniture or musical instruments, for example, but the industrial development of wood-based materials dates back to the end of the 19th century with the appearance of plywood. The initial aim in developing this product was to obtain large, thin elements with more homogeneous properties than wood.
This need still exists, but other demands have emerged, leading to the appearance of new materials throughout the 20th century: low cost (particleboard), machinability (MDF), improved technical characteristics compared to wood (glulam, LVL, CLT...), surface resistance (laminates), aesthetic properties (decorative papers).
Wood-based materials have taken on considerable importance in all areas of the timber industry. They are indispensable in the construction industry, where they can be used to create structures that solid wood cannot (long spans, curved shapes, lightness, etc.). Today, cross-laminated timber (CLT) can be used to build skyscrapers.
The use of glued elements contributes to improving the properties of industrial wood joinery (dimensional stability) and reducing costs. Panels form the basis of a furniture industry that has become considerably more democratic. Upstream, the particleboard industry offers an economically indispensable outlet for sawmill by-products.
Finally, all wood-based reconstituted materials contribute to a more rational use of forest resources by providing outlets for small and/or low-quality wood.
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KEYWORDS
ISO/IEC standard | regulation | wood | adhesives | building materials | Wood processing | wood building | sustainable building
Wood-based materials
Binders
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