Overview
ABSTRACT
The 802.11ah standard, also known as Wi-Fi HaLow, is a wireless communication solution specifically designed to meet IoT requirements. It takes the features of traditionnal Wi-Fi and integrates new mechanisms to:
-increase the transmission range to a few kilometers;
-optimize energy consumption;
-manage a large number of devices.
This article presents and describes the features of the Wi-Fi HaLow protocol, its functionalities and energy management methods. Simple theoretical models are also proposed, in order to qualify these performances and envisage fields of application.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Sébastien MAUDET: Senior Lecturer - Nantes University, CNRS, IETR, UMR 6164, La Roche-sur-Yon, France
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Guillaume ANDRIEUX: University Professor - Nantes University, CNRS, IETR, UMR 6164, La Roche-sur-Yon, France
INTRODUCTION
The IoT (Internet of Things) is an innovative concept that enables physical objects to communicate with each other or with other entities over the Internet. Compared with conventional computer networks, IoT networks are resource-constrained and have critical requirements. In particular, they must support a large number of devices, while guaranteeing them fair access to the network. These devices are often powered by unreliable energy sources, requiring the implementation of new mechanisms to optimize energy consumption.
The standard 802.11ah also known as Wi-Fi HaLow, is one of the technologies designed to meet these needs. Traditionally, Wi-Fi provides high throughput to a few dozen stations over a few dozen meters. In comparison, HaLow Wi-Fi can provide connectivity to more than 8,000 stations, minimize power consumption and offer extended geographic coverage to 1 km. The standard was finalized in 2016, and the first evaluation boards appeared in 2021. This technology is starting to be implemented in a significant way in solutions that meet different IoT use cases.
In this article, we present HaLow Wi-Fi technology and provide an overview of the main features and different mechanisms that enable it to meet IoT requirements. A theoretical and practical evaluation of these performances is also proposed, in order to consider and discuss the implementation of this technology in different IoT application domains.
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KEYWORDS
telecommunications | wireless networks | power management | IoT | Wi-Fi HaLow
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Bibliography
Standards and norms
IEEE standard for information technology-telecommunications and information exchange between systems – local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirements – part 11: Wireless lan medium access control (mac) and physical layer (phy) specifications amendment 2: Sub 1 ghz license exempt operation. IEEE Std 802.11ah-2016 (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.11-2016, as amended by IEEE Std 802.11ai-2016), pp. 1-594 (2017)....
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