A brief history

Like the history of computing, the history of neural networks began in the 1940s [H 3  720] . Here are a few milestones:

• in 1943, W. Mc Culloch and W. Pitts proposed a formal model of the neuron that is still present in all neural systems today;

• in 1957 F. Rosenblatt designs the single-layer perceptron;

• In 1986, Y. Le Cun and D.E. Rumelhart separately proposed the multilayer perceptron, an extension of the monolayer perceptron, and the associated error gradient backpropagation...