Conclusion

Perfumes were widely used in ancient times. Whether for secular or religious use, numerous references are found in ancient texts.

They could be found in various forms, the most widespread being burnable perfumes, widely used in temples, palaces and more modest dwellings, but there were also perfumed oils.

It was in this form that they were most commonly used. In those days, perfume and medicine were indistinguishable; the perfumer was also a pharmacist.

In these perfume formulas, very different from today's, with an alcoholic base, oil was used as a carrier for the perfume, but also as a solvent to extract the fragrant substances from the raw materials, most often plant-based.

The study of ancient perfumes is made possible by the findings of archaeological excavations, the study of iconography...