3. Free-space transmissions

Infrared transmissions at very short distances (under 10 m), which have been around since the 1970s, represent one of the main applications of free-space optical communications. Unlike guided transmissions, free space enables non-directional links (point-to-multipoint links).

Example

Examples:

Optical transmission in non-directional free space: the first infrared remote control for TV sets in the 1970s, or the HiFi remote control.

For directional transmissions, it was necessary to turn to much more professional applications at the end of the 1990s: inter-satellite or inter-building optical links for the creation of wide-area local networks.

In the case of long-distance communications,...

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Free-space transmissions