Basque country: erasing the border effect

In the Basque Country, the car makes a mockery of borders. On the roads between Bayonne in France and San Sebastian in Spain, traffic is non-stop, and the absence of customs posts is no surprise to anyone (figure 9 ). But the European dream ends with the car engine. For those who want to take public transport, the journey becomes more complicated. On the one hand, there are physical difficulties: the difference in rail gauges between France and Spain makes the crossing even more complex for those who want to take the train. On the road (buses, coaches), timetables were uncoordinated, and services were difficult to understand. But there were also difficulties on the information side: no multimodal information platform, little multilingual information, and very...