3. Pressure on the material
3.1 General principles and consequences for the material
The effects of pressure on matter follow Le CHATELIER-BRAUN's principle, which can be stated as follows: "If a thing can decrease in volume, it will contract if compressed". This reduction can be achieved either by molecules simply moving closer together, or by a chemical reaction between molecules, or even by intramolecular contraction between the constituent atoms.
SCROLL TO TOP3.1.1 Compression and dense states
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Compressibility...
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Pressure on the material
Pressure on cells and microorganisms
Websites
French high pressure network, http://www.reseauhp.org/
European High Pressure Research Group, http://www.ehprg.org/
Regulations
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Legislation on the use of high pressure in the food industry.
In Europe, since 1997, EC directive 258/97, known as the "Novel Food" law, has made the marketing of products using new processes subject to prior approval by the European Commission.
To date, only high-pressure fruit processing has been validated (2001/424/EC). However, a simplified procedure (art. 5)...
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors
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High-pressure piping and accessories – Laboratory enclosures – Low-flow pumps
Autoclave France http://www.autoclave-france.fr/
Harwood Engineering Company, Incorporated(users.rcn.com/harwood.ma.ultranet)...
Organizations – Federations – Associations
Laboratoires
GPMA Laboratory, Microbiological and Food Process Engineering, University of Burgundy, ENSBANA, Dijon http://www.le-bourgogne.fr/GPMA
GEPEA, ENITIAA, Nantes
Périgourdine...
Economic data
In view of the technologies and materials used, and in the face of reduced productivity, the high-pressure process is still costly, despite the constant evolution of techniques.
An example of the cost calculation for a 300 L batch chamber processing a 600 MPa, 7.5 min packaged product is given in table
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