Overview
ABSTRACT
This article presents the agrifood applications of cryogenics in cooling and freezing processes for products. It describes in particular the theoretical basis related to the implementation of this technology, the elements of a typical installation, safety, the main equipment and their use. To conclude, an example of dimensioning is explained together with the methodology involved and this example is also compared to a more complete dimensioning achieved via a software developed by Air Liquide.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Jo ALGOET: Expert in cryogenic applications - Project Manager, Marketing and Development, Industrial Gases Services, Air Liquide
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Jean-Pierre BERNARD: Expert in cryogenic applications - Project Manager, Marketing and Development, Industrial Gases Services, Air Liquide
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Alain CLOAREC: Expert in cryogenic applications - Project Manager, Marketing and Development, Industrial Gases Services, Air Liquide
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Philippe GOMEZ: Expert in cryogenic applications - Project Manager, Marketing and Development, Industrial Gases Services, Air Liquide
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Pierre KOWALEWSKI: Expert in cryogenic applications - Project Manager, Marketing and Development, Industrial Gases Services, Air Liquide
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Cemal OZTAS: Expert in cryogenic applications - Project Manager, Marketing and Development, Industrial Gases Services, Air Liquide
INTRODUCTION
Cryogenic fluids include gases that cannot be liquefied by compression at room temperature. Cryogenics, from the Greek "kryos" meaning cold, ice, is the science of temperatures below 123 K (or – 150°C) and applies to the main gases such as nitrogen, helium, argon, oxygen and hydrogen.
On the other hand, although it exists only in solid or gaseous form at atmospheric pressure, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is also considered a cryogenic fluid in industry.
In the food industry, the use of cryogenic gases is a technically interesting alternative to mechanical refrigeration in food cooling and freezing processes. The two main fluids used are nitrogen and carbon dioxide. This article describes the interests and applications associated with their use.
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Cryogenic refrigeration and freezing in the food industry
General
Bibliography
Also in our database
Websites
AIR LIQUIDE, Fournisseur de gaz industriels http://www.airliquide.com (page consulted on June 8, 2010) http://encyclopedia.airliquide.com/encyclopedia.asp : site consulted on June 8, 2010.
Regulations
European Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC.
Articles of the French Labor Code R. 4222 (with sub-paragraphs) relating to air renewal and premises with specific pollution.
European regulation no. 1333/2008, which repeals European directive 89/107 on food additives.
European regulation no. 852/2004 on food safety, in particular the implementation of a HACCP...
Patents
Freezing process and device, EP 0505222B1
Freezing method and device, EP 0576665B1
In-line crusting device for products, EP 0806618A1
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