2. Calculation Method
2.1 Loads to Be Considered in Bolted Flange Joints
The design of a leak-tight bolted joint is based on modeling two types of stresses, both of which can be reduced to two fundamental loads:
an axial clamping force in the bolting (perimeter force);
internal pressure on the gasket’s contact area (back pressure).
In addition:
external loads, transmitted by the connected equipment, which are also converted into pressure equivalents to incorporate them into the axisymmetric model;
differential thermal forces, resulting from differences in thermal expansion between the flanges and the bolted...
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Calculation Method
Conclusion
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