4. Glossary
Bolted Flange Joints
Mechanical connections consisting of flanges, a gasket, and fasteners, ensuring the structural integrity of the system and pressure-tight sealing.
Effective diameter of the gasket
The diameter at which the gasket’s bearing load is in equilibrium.
Butt force
The axial resultant of the internal pressure on the fluid cross-section in question; it tends to push the flanges apart and must be balanced by the clamping force in the bolts.
Umbrella effect
The flexural deformation of a flange face under load, taking the shape of an umbrella.
Seal seating force
Minimum axial clamping force applied at room temperature to bring the gasket into uniform contact...
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Glossary
Acronyms, Notations, and Symbols
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