6. Applications

Nanoparticle dispersions are already finding numerous applications for their magnetic properties (ferrofluid magnetic bearings, contrast agents in medical imaging), for their electrical properties (electrowetting conductive deposition for liquid lenses), and for cell or counterfeit marking with functionalized nanoparticles...

In thermal applications, nanofluids can be used wherever large heat flows need to be evacuated by closed liquid loops: cooling of electrical and electronic components, radar, automotive...

Nanofluids could provide an interesting solution for cooling mirrors, targets and filters for high-power lasers and X-rays, as well as MEMS.

The very small size of nanoparticles and the lubricating properties...