6. Pipes and manholes

6.1 Compaction principles and techniques

The manufacture of pipes involves a variety of techniques, the principles of compaction, demolding methods, and areas of application of which are specified in the table 1 .

Some of these are widely used for the most common manufacturing processes, such as sewer pipes. Others, which were widely used in the past, such as centrifugation, are now only used for special production processes, such as prestressed pressure pipes or other long products such as piles and lampposts.