Overview
ABSTRACT
This article deals with both the law on algorithmic video surveillance and its possible perpetuation. Al and videoprotection, under the name VSA, gave rise to a 2023 law, intended to assure the security of the 2024 Olympic Games, on eight use cases. In 2025, the issues is the holders of the VSA public market, the tests, the evaluations, the possible perpetuation. Two points of view are opposed : that of the associations defending public freedoms, that of the interior minister: the choice is eminently political.
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Claudine Guerrier: Emeritus Professor at IMTBS
INTRODUCTION
Algorithmic video surveillance (AVS) is part of video protection law and artificial intelligence law. Video surveillance was first developed in 1975 in the United Kingdom, currently one of the most heavily video-surveilled countries in the world, along with China . In France, it only appeared in Law no. 95-73 of January 21, 1995.
Act no. 2011-267 of March 14, 2011, known as Loppsi 2, replaces the term "video surveillance" with "video protection". In both cases, cameras are installed in public or private places for remote surveillance purposes. The aim is therefore security, but it also complies with privacy and personal data protection laws.
VSA combines video protection and artificial intelligence (AI). The latter is defined as a process aimed at reproducing human intelligence through algorithms and automatic learning models, giving the computer the ability to act in a similar way to a human being. VSA makes it possible to analyze video streams in real time, based on software that connects to the existing camera network, using AI-based detection.
In Europe, artificial intelligence has given rise to numerous debates within the European Parliament, culminating in Regulation 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and Council, dated June 13, 2024, published in the Official Journal of the European Union on July 12, 2024.
Other regulatory frameworks have emerged internationally, notably in the USA (Joe Biden Executive Order of October 31, 2023), China (Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) in November 2021, Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) in August 2023), and, internationally, the Bletchley Declaration of November 2023, which applies to 29 countries.
Following a review of French legislation on VSA in France, this article analyzes the legal framework for VSA, and the prospects for the long-term future of this technology.
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KEYWORDS
artificial intelligence | video surveillance | tests | evaluations
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VSA algorithmic video surveillance: regulations and feedback
Algorithmic video surveillance law in France
Bibliography
Regulations
Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 27, 2016 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation GDPR)
Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of June 13, 2024, published in the Official Journal...
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