2. Characteristics of natural resins
2.1 Chemical composition
Chemically, natural resins are complex mixtures of several classes of compounds, the main ones being listed below.
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Essential oils (e.g. pine turpentine)
They are made up of volatile compounds that can be extracted, generally by steam distillation. Essential oils contain mostly mono- and sesquiterpene constituents (hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, carbonyl derivatives, oxides...), such as the pinenes in turpentine, with the chemical formula : .
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Characteristics of natural resins
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