Thermodynamic properties of water

The thermodynamic properties of water are presented in four tables. Tables 1 , 2 , and 3 relate to two-phase domains: equilibria between different types of ice and liquid, solid-vapor equilibria, and liquid-vapor equilibria. Table 4 presents the thermodynamic properties of water in single-phase liquid and vapor domains.

The formulation used is that recommended by the IAPWS (International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam). It covers a range of temperatures (from 0 to 1,000 °C) and pressures (from 0.05 to 1,000 MPa) that is sufficiently broad that it will not need to be modified for many years. Data relating to extreme temperature ranges (1,500, 2,000, and 2,500 K) and pressures (from 0.05 to 100 MPa) have also been presented, but they are not derived from the IAPWS formulations, although they are consistent with the data tabulated at lower temperatures.

The tabulated quantities are densities, enthalpies, entropies, and heat capacities at constant volume and pressure. Thermoelastic quantities and internal energy have not been included so as not to make the tables overly cumbersome, but where possible, simple and rigorous equations for calculating them have been provided.