9. Use of ash in the manufacture of concrete
Fly ash can also be used as an aggregate in concrete and mortar, replacing cement. For this purpose, it must meet the quality requirements set out in standard NF EN 450 – October 1995 – (Classification P18-050) and its national annex – "Fly ash for concrete – Definition, requirements and quality control".
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Fly ash can be used in the composition of various types of concrete:
concretes manufactured on site ;
ready-to-use concrete ;
precast concrete ;
pavement concretes ;
self-placing concretes.
It is used at a rate of between 80 and 100 kg/m 3 of concrete. Thanks to their...
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Use of ash in the manufacture of concrete
Other types of employment
Guides and catalogs
Websites
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ADEME
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DRIRE
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EDF – Flame thermal energy – Generation sites in France
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Events
International Ash Utilization Symposium – Healths aspect of Coal Fly Ash. The International Ash Utilization Symposium is held every 2 years. It is organized by the University of Kentucky Applied Energy Research Center and the U.S. Department of Energy.
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2nd "Earthworks in Europe" symposium
This 2nd Colloquium will be held in London on June 3-4, 2009. It follows...
Standards and norms
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French reference standards
- Exécution des terrassements. Classification des matériaux utilisables dans la construction des remblais et des couches de forme d'infrastructure routière. - NF P11-300 - Septembre 1992
- Exécution des terrassements Terminologie. - NF P11-301 - Décembre 1994
- Liants hydrauliques. Ciments courants. Compositions, spécifications et critères...
Regulations
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Extracts from legislative references
Article L. 511-1 of the French Environment Code. The provisions of this title apply to factories, workshops, warehouses, building sites and, in general, installations operated or owned by any natural or legal person, public or private, which may present dangers or inconveniences either for the convenience of the neighborhood,...
Statistical and economic data
European Commission – Directorate-General for Energy and Transport.
Conventional energies – Coal and oil – EU imports of hard coal from third countries for power plants in 2000-2001.
Ministère de l'Économie, de l'Industrie et de l'Emploi, DGEMP, 24/06/2008.
Coal: main provisional results for 2007. DGEMP/Observatoire de l'énergie. June...
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