2. Taking work-hardening into account
Hardening of the material is induced by the multiplication in the material of dislocations generated by the stress field to accommodate plastic deformation, and which modify the flow boundary, i.e. the stress states allowing plastic deformation to continue.
In tension, this leads at least initially to an increase in plastic flow stress. We will now describe the two main classes of models used to describe this evolution and generalize relation (25) from the
2.1 Isotropic strain-hardening
Since the material's strain-hardening state evolves only as a result of its plastic...
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Taking work-hardening into account
Plastic anisotropy
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