1. Thin-film voltammetry

Thin-film voltammetry first appeared in 1961, and its principle and applications have given rise to several successive developments (see one of the most recent, for example ), and we'll only go into a few aspects of its implementation here.

The principle behind this technique is to isolate on the surface of the working electrode a very small quantity of the electroactive species that will participate fully in the electrochemical reaction. Unlike conventional methods, where electrochemical transformations do not significantly alter the composition of the solution studied (microelectrolysis), the entire reagent contained in the thin layer is electrolyzed during the course of a curve.

The principle of a thin-film electrochemical cell is shown in figure . The cell has two parallel faces, 2 to 100 µm apart;...